Linux下的NFS配置
atulations
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atulations 发表于 2007-06-17 00:23
Linux下的NFS配置
环境：
client: 主机rac2,ip 192.168.0.6 server: 主机rac1,ip 192.168.0.5 1) 在客户端启动portmap和nfs服务，单起nfs进程是无法启动的。 [root@rac2 init.d]# ./nfs start Starting NFS services: [ OK ] Starting NFS quotas: Cannot register service: RPC: Unable to receive; errno = Connection refused rpc.rquotad: unable to register (RQUOTAPROG, RQUOTAVERS, udp). [FAILED] Starting NFS daemon: [FAILED] Starting NFS mountd: Cannot register service: RPC: Unable to receive; errno = Connection refused mountd: unable to register (mountd, 1, udp). [FAILED] Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ] [root@rac2 init.d]# ps -ef|grep nfs 证明nfs没有启动。 [root@rac2 init.d]# /etc/init.d/portmap start Starting portmap: [ OK ] [root@rac2 init.d]# ps -ef|grep portmap rpc 3198 1 0 02:39 ? 00:00:00 portmap root 3202 2998 0 02:39 pts/0 00:00:00 grep portmap [root@rac2 init.d]# /etc/init.d/nfs start Starting NFS services: [ OK ] Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ] Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ] Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ] 启动正常，检查一下nfs进程是否在。 [root@rac2 init.d]# ps -ef|grep nfs root 3222 1 0 02:39 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 3223 1 0 02:39 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 3224 1 0 02:39 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 3225 1 0 02:39 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 3226 1 0 02:39 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 3227 1 0 02:39 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 3228 1 0 02:39 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 3231 1 0 02:39 ? 00:00:00 [nfsd] root 3260 2998 0 02:45 pts/0 00:00:00 grep nfs rac1上有一个/disk0分区，看从rac2能否直接连接上rac1 [root@rac1 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 2.9G 2.3G 503M 83% / /dev/sda1 99M 12M 83M 12% /boot none 125M 0 125M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda2 7.7G 2.3G 5.1G 32% /home /dev/sda3 3.9G 2.3G 1.4G 62% /usr /dev/sda7 2.8G 1.1G 1.6G 40% /var /dev/sdb5 1004M 1.3M 952M 1% /disk0 [root@rac2 init.d]# mount 192.168.0.5:/disk0 /wyl (/wyl目录必须已存在) mount: mount to NFS server '192.168.0.5' failed: System Error: Connection refused. 报错信息指的是server端(Rac1)的nfs进程没起来！ 在服务端启动nfs进程(实际上是要启动portmap和nfs进程) [root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/portmap start Starting portmap: [ OK ] [root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs start Starting NFS services: [ OK ] Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ] Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ] Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ] Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ] 再次在客户端连接 [root@rac2 init.d]# mount 192.168.0.5:/disk0 /wyl mount: 192.168.0.5:/disk0 failed, reason given by server: Permission denied 此报错信息是因为没在server端授权client端来连接,其实道理很简单,必须在服务端来决定哪些IP可以来mount,我的哪个分区可以被mount. 在服务器端编辑/etc/wxports文件 [root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/exports /disk0 192.168.0.6(rw) 第一列定义的是服务端哪个分区可以被mount,第二列定义的是哪些客户端IP可以来mount. 注意修改/etc/export后,要重起nfs进程. vi /etc/exports /disk0 192.168.0.6(rw) ~ ~ ~ "/etc/exports" 1L, 24C written [root@rac1 ~]# more /etc/exports /disk0 192.168.0.6(rw) [root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs restart Shutting down NFS mountd: [ OK ] Shutting down NFS daemon: [ OK ] Shutting down NFS quotas: [ OK ] Shutting down NFS services: [ OK ] Starting NFS services: [ OK ] Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ] Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ] Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ] 此时在客户端连接就可以了. [root@rac2 init.d]# mount 192.168.0.5:/disk0 /wyl 无报错信息. [root@rac2 init.d]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 2.9G 277M 2.5G 10% / /dev/sda1 99M 12M 83M 12% /boot none 125M 0 125M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda2 7.7G 62M 7.3G 1% /home /dev/sda3 3.9G 2.5G 1.2G 68% /usr /dev/sda7 2.8G 117M 2.5G 5% /var 192.168.0.5:/disk0 1004M 1.3M 952M 1% /wyl 为使下次重起时系统能自动启动portmap和nfs进程.在客户端和服务端都要执行. #chkconfig –level 235 portmap on #chkconfig –level 235 nfs on 为了客户端下次重起时能自动连接server端的nfs分区.修改客户端/etc/fstab文件.添加 /wyl 192.168.0.5:/disk0 总结一下配置过程: 1) 在客户端和服务端均启动portmap和nfs,最好是修改为自动启动的进程. 2) 修改服务端/etc/exports文件,定义允许连接的客户端 3) 客户端连接 mount serverip:目录 客户端目录 4)编辑客户端/etc/fstab以便客户端每次重起后也能连接server端。 |