我把公司的文件服务器改成了debian linux+samba
rchivedz
|
1#
rchivedz 发表于 2008-03-08 09:49
我把公司的文件服务器改成了debian linux+samba
一、可行性分析:
1.公司有两如淘汰下来的服务器(联想T100 配置CPU:P42.4,内存:512M ECC 硬盘:73G SCSI),闲置不用。 2.本来想用来做MS Windows server 2003域控制器加文件服务器,但我怕它吃不消,毕竟老了点,于是我采用了debian linux平台,并用著名的samba做服务器。于是采购回来一块160G IDE硬盘。 二、要求: 1.每个用户登陆时都要求身份验证,并且只能看到自己的文件夹,其它人不能访问。 2.每个对自己的文件有读写权限。 三、安装方法: 1.debian 系统的基本安装 基本安装方法和前一篇博文类似。最小化安装,即是在tasksel里什么也不选。不同的是将源里的 testing(测试版)改成etch(稳定版),当然分区方案也有所不同,以下是我的分区方案。 / 1G swap 2G /home 剩下的硬盘空间,大概150G 2.安装samba apt-get install samba smbcilent 3.配置samba 要达到我上面的要求,还要配置一下samba,修改几个参数就行。 vi /etc/samba/smb.conf,更改几个关键字段,后附smb.conf文件。 四、增加用户并测试 1. 增加系统用户 命令:useradd john 2. 增加samba用户(注意,samba用户一定是系统用户,密码可以不一样) 命令:smbpasswd -a john 3. 然后重启samba服务 /etc/init.d/samba restart 4. 测试 在MS Windows XP桌面上的“网上邻居”图标上右击然后选择“搜索计算机”,填入刚才我们的Samba服务器的IP或者是计算机名字(fileserver),再点击“搜索” 5. 测试结果,我向samba服务器写进4.58G的数据,用时6分钟,非常满意。不过在新建文件夹和删除文件夹的时候要刷新一下才能看到效果,不太习惯,不知道能不能改,呵呵。 五、安装远程登陆软件SSH apt-get install ssh,以方便远程管理用户。 附smb.conf文件
复制内容到剪贴板
代码:fileserver:~# cat /etc/samba/smb.conf# # Sample configuration file for the Samba suite for Debian GNU/Linux. # # # This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the # smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed # here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of which # are not shown in this example # # Any line which starts with a ; (semi-colon) or a # (hash) # is a comment and is ignored. In this example we will use a # # for commentary and a ; for parts of the config file that you # may wish to enable # # NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command # "testparm" to check that you have not made any basic syntactic # errors. # #======================= Global Settings ======================= [global] ## Browsing/Identification ### # Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of workgroup = hotel # server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field server string = fileserver # Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section: # WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable its WINS Server ; wins support = no # WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client # Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both ; wins server = w.x.y.z # This will prevent nmbd to search for NetBIOS names through DNS. dns proxy = no # What naming service and in what order should we use to resolve host names # to IP addresses ; name resolve order = lmhosts host wins bcast #### Networking #### # The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to # This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask; # interface names are normally preferred ; interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 eth0 # Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the # 'interfaces' option above to use this. # It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is # not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself. However, this # option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly. ; bind interfaces only = true #### Debugging/Accounting #### # This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine # that connects log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m # Put a capping on the size of the log files (in Kb). max log size = 1000 # If you want Samba to only log through syslog then set the following # parameter to 'yes'. ; syslog only = no # We want Samba to log a minimum amount of information to syslog. Everything # should go to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd} instead. If you want to log # through syslog you should set the following parameter to something higher. syslog = 0 # Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d ####### Authentication ####### # "security = user" is always a good idea. This will require a Unix account # in this server for every user accessing the server. See # /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/ServerType.html # in the samba-doc package for details. security = user # You may wish to use password encryption. See the section on # 'encrypt passwords' in the smb.conf(5) manpage before enabling. encrypt passwords = true # If you are using encrypted passwords, Samba will need to know what # password database type you are using. passdb backend = tdbsam obey pam restrictions = yes ; guest account = nobody invalid users = root # This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix # password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the # passdb is changed. ; unix password sync = no # For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following # parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan < for # sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge). passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u passwd chat = *Enter\snew\sUNIX\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\sUNIX\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* . # This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes # when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in # 'passwd program'. The default is 'no'. ; pam password change = no ########## Domains ########### # Is this machine able to authenticate users. Both PDC and BDC # must have this setting enabled. If you are the BDC you must # change the 'domain master' setting to no # ; domain logons = yes # # The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set # It specifies the location of the user's profile directory # from the client point of view) # The following required a [profiles] share to be setup on the # samba server (see below) ; logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U # Another common choice is storing the profile in the user's home directory ; logon path = \\%N\%U\profile # The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set # It specifies the location of a user's home directory (from the client # point of view) ; logon drive = H: ; logon home = \\%N\%U # The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set # It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored # in the [netlogon] share # NOTE: Must be store in 'DOS' file format convention ; logon script = logon.cmd # This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR # RPC pipe. The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix # password; please adapt to your needs ; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser --quiet --disabled-password --gecos "" %u ########## Printing ########## # If you want to automatically load your printer list rather # than setting them up individually then you'll need this ; load printers = yes # lpr(ng) printing. You may wish to override the location of the # printcap file ; printing = bsd ; printcap name = /etc/printcap # CUPS printing. See also the cupsaddsmb(8) manpage in the # cupsys-client package. ; printing = cups ; printcap name = cups # When using [print$], root is implicitly a 'printer admin', but you can # also give this right to other users to add drivers and set printer # properties ; printer admin = @ntadmin ############ Misc ############ # Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration # on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name # of the machine that is connecting ; include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m # Most people will find that this option gives better performance. # See smb.conf(5) and /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/speed.html # for details # You may want to add the following on a Linux system: # SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192 socket options = TCP_NODELAY # The following parameter is useful only if you have the linpopup package # installed. The samba maintainer and the linpopup maintainer are # working to ease installation and configuration of linpopup and samba. ; message command = /bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/linpopup "%f" "%m" %s; rm %s' & # Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. If this # machine will be configured as a BDC (a secondary logon server), you # must set this to 'no'; otherwise, the default behavior is recommended. ; domain master = auto # Some defaults for winbind (make sure you're not using the ranges # for something else.) ; idmap uid = 10000-20000 ; idmap gid = 10000-20000 ; template shell = /bin/bash ; ; The following was the default behaviour in sarge ; but samba upstream reverted the default because it might induce ; performance issues in large organizations ; See #368251 for some of the consequences of *not* having ; this setting and smb.conf(5) for all details ; ; winbind enum groups = yes ; winbind enum users = yes #======================= Share Definitions ======================= [homes] comment = Home Directories browseable = no # By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change next # parameter to 'yes' if you want to be able to write to them. writable = yes # File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to # create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775. create mask = 0755 # Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to # create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775. directory mask = 0755 # Restrict access to home directories # to the one of the authenticated user # This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes valid users = %S # Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons # (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.) ;[netlogon] ; comment = Network Logon Service ; path = /home/samba/netlogon ; guest ok = yes ; writable = no ; share modes = no # Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store # users profiles (see the "logon path" option above) # (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.) # The path below should be writable by all users so that their # profile directory may be created the first time they log on ;[profiles] ; comment = Users profiles ; path = /home/samba/profiles ; guest ok = no ; browseable = no ; create mask = 0600 ; directory mask = 0700 [printers] comment = All Printers browseable = no path = /var/spool/samba printable = yes public = no writable = no create mode = 0700 # Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable # printer drivers [print$] comment = Printer Drivers path = /var/lib/samba/printers browseable = yes read only = yes guest ok = no # Uncomment to allow remote administration of Windows print drivers. # Replace 'ntadmin' with the name of the group your admin users are # members of. ; write list = root, @ntadmin # A sample share for sharing your CD-ROM with others. ;[cdrom] ; comment = Samba server's CD-ROM ; writable = no ; locking = no ; path = /cdrom ; public = yes # The next two parameters show how to auto-mount a CD-ROM when the # cdrom share is accesed. For this to work /etc/fstab must contain # an entry like this: # # /dev/scd0 /cdrom iso9660 defaults,noauto,ro,user 0 0 # # The CD-ROM gets unmounted automatically after the connection to the # # If you don't want to use auto-mounting/unmounting make sure the CD # is mounted on /cdrom # ; preexec = /bin/mount /cdrom ; postexec = /bin/umount /cdrom |