AIX下新建实例和手动建立数据库
flycocoon
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flycocoon 发表于 2006-08-20 09:45
AIX下新建实例和手动建立数据库
/* Edit in BLUE characters by Kurt Z, 200507xx */
在已有的系统环境中建立test数据库。 具体操作如下: 1. 查看当前机器的物理卷环境:用命令”lspv”查看. 2 . #smit mkvg Volume Group name: oradata Physical Volume Name : hdisk1 Force the creation of a Volume group:yes 3 . #smit ->; System Storage Management ->; Logic Volume Managerment ->; Volume Group ->; Set Characteristics of a Volume Group ->; Add a Physical Volume to a Volume Group: Force the creation of a VG: Yes Volume Group Name: oradata Physical Volume Name: hdisk2,3 4.用命令“lspv”检验hdisk1, hdisk2, hdisk3 都在同一个卷组oradata. 5 . #smit ->; System Storage Management ->; Logic Volume Manager ->; Logic Volume ->; Add Logic Volume ->; (select oradata) Logic Volume Name: oradata1~3 Number of LP: Q值 /**Q值的计算公式: PP/(需要的空间)G=Q值,通过命令 “lsvg oradata”来查看PP值.*/ Physical Volume Name: hdisk1~3 Logic Volume type: JFS 以上步骤之后,运行的命令”lsvg –l oradata”检验之. 6 . #mkdir /oradisk1~3 ( 在根目录创建三个文件,oradisk1,2,3) #chown oracle /oradisk* (改变文件的所有者) #chgrp dba /oradisk* (改变文件所属的群组) 或用命令”chown oracle:dba /oradisk*”. 7 . #smit ->; System Storage Management ->; File System ->; Add/Change/Watch/Delete FS ->; JFS ->; add a JFS on a defined LV ->; add a larger file JFS LV Name: oradisk1~3 Auto mount when reboot: Yes 8 . 用命令”reboot或shutdown -Fr”重启机器 /**测试系统是否能自动 mount */ 9 . #df –g 上面的命令检验每个逻辑卷容量是否都是64G 10 .用ORACLE用户登陆AIX,用编辑软件对 /home/oracle/.profile 文件进行编辑:在”DISPLAY …这行前加#号" 11. 运行$dbca, 在第六步时注意.要改变参数(如下) Step 6 of 8: charsets: UTF8 DBSizing: 32KB Blocksize SortAreaSize: 2M Step 7 of 8: Data files path: /oradiskd1/test/.. Redolog groups: /oradisk1~3/test/.. Control files: /oradisk1~3/test/ /* 如果数据量比较大, 可以在hdisk0再加一个控制文件 */ 然后建库,如果弹出提示"找不到 /etc/oratab", 不用管它, 继续. 完成以后, 按照提示修改 sys和system用户的密码都为oracle. 12. $lsnrctl start 如果提示正确启动, 然后找一台Windows机器配个数据连接到小型机, 然后tnsping [oracle_sid], 要返回正确信息. 13以oracle用户登录AIX, 然后 $sqlplus “/ as sysdba” SQL>;connect system/manager as sysdba SQL>;startup 然后一步一步的建立数据库表空间与数据文件. 14. 建立test数据库以后,根据实际情况手动增加临时表空间和回滚段空间和其他的表空间. 数据文件在必须平均分配分布在oradisk1~3中. 如果是OLTP型数据库建议所有的表空间都不设置为自动扩展. 然后运行 Oracle Enterprise Console ->; database ->; Storage ->; data files 监视数据文件和表空间的增长情况. 15.用编辑软件对/etc/oratab文件进行编辑.在最后一行添加下面句子. “test:/oracle/app/oracle/product/920:Y” 编辑完后对文件的所属进行改变,用以下命令改变. #chown oracle /etc/oratab #chgrg dba /etc/oratab 16.修改oratab文件后,对/etc/inittab文件进行编辑,在文件最后添加(如下)自启动语句 oracle:2:once:/bin/su - oracle -c /$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start oracle:2:wait:/bin/su - oracle -c /$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart 下面还有一步最重要的步骤,对小”鸡”进行优化. SQLPLUS 进入数据库,运行下面SQL语句. SQL>;CREATE PFILE FROM SPFILE; SQL>;EXIT 进入$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下将spfiletest.ora文件改名为spfiletest.ora.rig 然后对../dbs目录下的init[SID].ora文件进行编辑(主要是对文件中的几个参数按照小机的实际硬件配置进行改动.) db_cache_size=”????M” large_pool_size=”?M” pga_aggregate_target=?M shared_pool_size=?M 以上SGA参数可以在进入 sqlplus以后,用 SQL>; show parameter SGA 另外,可以在PL/SQL Developer等工具里面用SQL语句查看: select * from v$datafile; 看数据文件 select * from v$controlfile; 看控制文件路径 select nls_characterset from v$nls_parameters; 看数据库字符集 select * from v$database; 看数据库实例等相关信息 select * from v$session; 看当前连接信息 select * from v$dbfile; 看数据库文件路径
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代码:**********************************字符下新建数据库 1. 创建相关目录: $mkdir /oracle/app/oracle/admin/test $mkdir /oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/bdump $mkdir /oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/cdump $mkdir /oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/create $mkdir /oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/pfile $mkdir /oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/udump $mkdir /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test $mkdir /oracle/app/oracle/product/920/dbs $mkdir /oracle/test 在创建相关目录后,用命令ls -la查看文件属性是否为oracle用户 2. 设置系统变量和修改系统文件 $setenv ORACLE_SID test $echo Add this entry in the oratab:test:orace/app/oracle/product/920:Y 3. 通过orapwd.exe命令,建立口令文件。 $/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/bin/orapwd file=/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/dbs/orapwdtest.ora password=change_on_install 4.创建数据库 $sqlplus "/ as sysbda" SQL>;connect sys/change_on_install as sysdba SQL>;set echo on SQL>;spool /oracle/app/oracle/product/920/assistants/dbca/logs/createDB.log SQL>;startup nomount pfile="/oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/scripts/init.ora"; SQL>;create database test 2 maxinstances 1 3 maxloghistory 1 4 maxlogfiles 5 5 maxlogmembers 3 6 maxdatafiles 100 7 datafile "/oracle/test/system01.dbf" size 250M reuse autoextend on next 10240k maxsize unlimited 8 extent management local 9 default temporary tablespace temp tempfile "/oracle/test/temp01.dbf" size 40M reuse autoextend on next 640k maxsize unlimited 10 undo tablespace "undotbs1" datafile "oracel/test/undotbs01.dbf" size 200M reuse autoextend on next 5120k maxsize unlimited 11 character set UTF8 12 national character set AL16UTF16 13 logfile group 1 ("oracel/test/redo01.log") size 102400k, 14 group 2 ("oracel/test/redo02.log") size 102400k, 15 group 3 ("oracel/test/redo03.log") size 102400k; SQL>;spool off SQL>;exit; 5.创建系统表空间和数据文件 connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA set echo on spool /oracle/app/oracle/product/920/assistants/dbca/logs/CreateDBFiles.log CREATE TABLESPACE "INDX" LOGGING DATAFILE '/oracle/hz2004/indx01.dbf' SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO ; CREATE TABLESPACE "TOOLS" LOGGING DATAFILE '/oracle/hz2004/tools01.dbf' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 320K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO ; CREATE TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING DATAFILE '/oracle/hz2004/users01.dbf' SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO ; spool off exit; 6.创建数据字典 $sqlplus "/ as sysbda" SQL>;sqlplus "/ as sysbda"connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA SQL>;set echo on SQL>;spool /oracle/app/oracle/product/920/assistants/dbca/logs/CreateDBCatalog.log SQL>;@/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql; SQL>;@/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/rdbms/admin/catexp7.sql; SQL>;@/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql; SQL>;@/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql; SQL>;@/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql; SQL>;@/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb; SQL>;connect SYSTEM/manager SQL>;@/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql; SQL>;connect SYSTEM/manager SQL>;set echo on SQL>;spool /oracle/app/oracle/product/920/assistants/dbca/logs/sqlPlusHelp.log SQL>;@/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql; SQL>;spool off SQL>;spool off SQL>;exit; 7.POSTDBCreation $sqlplus "/ as sysbda" SQL>;connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA SQL>;set echo on SQL>;spool /oracle/app/oracle/product/920/assistants/dbca/logs/postDBCreation.log SQL>;@/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql; SQL>;shutdown ; SQL>;connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA SQL>;set echo on SQL>;spool /oracle/app/oracle/product/920/assistants/dbca/logs/postDBCreation.log SQL>;create spfile='/oracle/app/oracle/product/920/dbs/spfilehz2004.ora' FROM pfile='/oracle/app/oracle/admin/hz2004/scripts/init.ora'; SQL>;startup ; |