1# linuxcms 发表于 2006-10-17 23:12

手工创建oracle数据库

系统环境：
1、操作系统：Windows 2000 Server
2、数据库：　Oracle 8i R2 (8.1.6) for NT 企业版/Oracle 9i for NT 企业版
3、安装路径：D:ORACLE

步骤：
1、手工创建相关目录
2、手工创建初始化参数文件
3、通过oradim创建一个ORACLE服务
4、创建数据库
5、创建数据库数据文件，执行脚本
6、创建数据字典，运行


手工创建数据库完整步骤


系统环境
操作系统：Windows 2000 Server
数据库：Oracle 9i
安装路径：C:Oracle
1、手工创建相关目录
C：Oracleadminweb
C：Oracleadminwebdump
C：Oracleadminwebudump
C：Oracleadminwebcdump
C：Oracleadminwebpfile
C：Oracleadminwebcreate
C：Oracleoradataweb
C：Oracleoradatawebarchive
2、手工创建初始化参数文件c:oracleadminwebpfileinit.ora，内容可以copy别的实例init.ora文件后修改。
3、手工创建initweb.ora文件，内容：：ifile= c:oracleadminwebpfileinit.ora
4、使用orapwd.exe命令，创建口令文件pwdweb.ora,命令格式如下：
   orapwd.exe  file=c:oracleora90databasepwdweb.ora  password=ltjsb  entries=5
5、通过oradim.exe命令，在服务里生成一个新的实例管理服务，启动方式为手工
set ORACLE_SID=web
C:oracleora90inoradim -new  -sid WEB -startmode m
-pfile C:oracleora90databaseinitweb.ora
6、创建数据库，执行createdb.sql脚本命令，
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL>connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL>@Createdb.sql
Createdb.sql脚本内容如下：
set echo on
spool C:oracleadminmydbcreateCreateDB.log
startup nomount pfile="C:oracleadminwebpfileinit.ora";
CREATE DATABASE web
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
DATAFILE 'C:oracleoradatawebsystem01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS" DATAFILE 'C:oracleoradatawebundotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  5120K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('C:oracleoradataweb edo01.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 ('C:oracleoradataweb edo02.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 ('C:oracleoradataweb edo03.log') SIZE 100M;
spool off
exit;
注：创建数据库时，执行sql.bsqj脚本命令，此脚本命令创建如下内容：
   创建控制文件和联机日志文件
   创建数据库系统表空system
   在system表空间上创建system系统回滚段
   创建sys和system账号
   创建基表和簇
   创建数据字典表、索引和序列
   创建相关角色权限
7、创建数据库数据文件，执行脚本createfiles.sql
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL>@createfiles.sql
Createfiles.sql脚本内容如下：
set echo on
spool C:oracleadminmydbcreateCreateDBFiles.log
CREATE TABLESPACE "INDX" LOGGING DATAFILE 'C:oracleoradatawebindx01.dbf' SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP" TEMPFILE 'C:oracleoradataweb emp01.dbf' SIZE 40M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  640K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP";
CREATE TABLESPACE "TOOLS" LOGGING DATAFILE 'C:oracleoradataweb ools01.dbf' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  320K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
CREATE TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING DATAFILE 'C:oracleoradatawebusers01.dbf' SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS" DATAFILE 'C:oracleoradatawebundotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  5120K;
spool off
exit;
8、创建数据字典，运行createdbcatalog.sql脚本命令
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL>@createdbcatalog.sql
Createdbcatalog.sql脚本内容如下：

set echo on
spool C:oracleadminmydbcreateCreateDBCatalog.log
@C:oracleora90 dbmsadmincatalog.sql;
@C:oracleora90 dbmsadmincatexp7.sql;
@C:oracleora90 dbmsadmincatblock.sql;
@C:oracleora90 dbmsadmincatproc.sql;
@C:oracleora90 dbmsadmincatoctk.sql;
@C:oracleora90 dbmsadmincatobtk.sql;
@C:oracleora90 dbmsadmincaths.sql;
@C:oracleora90 dbmsadminowminst.plb;
connect SYSTEM/manager
@C:oracleora90sqlplusadminpupbld.sql;
connect SYSTEM/manager
set echo on
spool C:oracleora90assistantsdbcalogssqlPlusHelp.log
@C:oracleora90sqlplusadminhelphlpbld.sql helpus.sql;
spool off
spool off
exit;
9、完善数据库,创建spfile文件，将数据库实例启动服务设置成自动启动方式。
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL> @postdbcreation.sql
Postdbcreation.sql脚本内容如下：
set echo on
spool C:oracleadminwebcreatepostDBCreation.log
create spfile='C:oracleora90databasespfileweb.ora' FROM pfile='C:oracleadminwebinit.ora';
connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
set echo on
spool C:oracleora90assistantsdbcalogspostDBCreation.log
shutdown ;
startup ;
注：以上都设置PATH环境变量，将bin目录加入到PATH中以便于使用工具GMGRLl,sqlplus等。

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==========================================================================================

系统环境：
1、操作系统：Windows 2000 Server，机器内存128M
2、数据库：　Oracle 8i R2 (8.1.6) for NT 企业版
3、安装路径：D:ORACLE

建库步骤：
1、手工创建相关目录
D:Oracleadmin est
D:Oracleadmin estadhoc
D:Oracleadmin estdump
D:Oracleadmin estcdump
D:Oracleadmin estcreate
D:Oracleadmin estexp
D:Oracleadmin estpfile
D:Oracleadmin estudump

D:Oracleoradata est
D:Oracleoradata estarchive

2、手工创建初始化启动参数文件：D:Oracleadmin estpfileinittest.ora，内容：

3、手工创建D:OracleOra81DATABASEinittest.ora文件，

   内容：IFILE='D:Oracleadmin estpfileinittest.ora'

4、使用orapwd.exe命令，创建D:OracleOra81DATABASEPWDtest.ora

   命令：D:OracleOra81inorapwd file=D:OracleOra81DATABASEPWDtest.ora password=ORACLE entries=5


5、通过oradim.exe命令，在服务里生成一个新的实例管理服务，启动方式为手工
   set ORACLE_SID=test
   D:OracleOra81inoradim -new -sid test -startmode manual -pfile "D:Oracleadmin estpfileinittest.ora"

6、生成各种数据库对象
D:>svrmgrl

--创建数据库
connect INTERNAL/oracle
startup nomount pfile="D:Oracleadmin estpfileinittest.ora"
CREATE DATABASE test
LOGFILE 'D:Oracleoradata est edo01.log' SIZE 2048K,
    'D:Oracleoradata est edo02.log' SIZE 2048K,
    'D:Oracleoradata est edo03.log' SIZE 2048K
MAXLOGFILES 32
MAXLOGMEMBERS 2
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
DATAFILE 'D:Oracleoradata estsystem01.dbf' SIZE 58M  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K
MAXDATAFILES 254
MAXINSTANCES 1
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

控制文件、日志文件在上面语句执行时生成


connect INTERNAL/oracle
--修改系统表空间
ALTER TABLESPACE SYSTEM DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 64K NEXT 64K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS UNLIMITED PCTINCREASE 50);
ALTER TABLESPACE SYSTEM MINIMUM EXTENT 64K;

--创建回滚表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE RBS DATAFILE 'D:Oracleoradata est bs01.dbf' SIZE 256M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5120K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 512K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 512K NEXT 512K MINEXTENTS 8 MAXEXTENTS 4096);

--创建用户表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE USERS DATAFILE 'D:Oracleoradata estusers01.dbf' SIZE 128M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 128K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 128K NEXT 128K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 4096 PCTINCREASE 0);

--创建临时表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE TEMP DATAFILE 'D:Oracleoradata est emp01.dbf' SIZE 32M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 64K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 64K NEXT 64K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS UNLIMITED PCTINCREASE 0) TEMPORARY;

--创建工具表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE TOOLS DATAFILE 'D:Oracleoradata est ools01.dbf' SIZE 64M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 320K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 32K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 32K NEXT 32K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 4096 PCTINCREASE 0);

--创建索引表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE INDX DATAFILE 'D:Oracleoradata estindx01.dbf' SIZE 32M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 128K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 128K NEXT 128K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 4096 PCTINCREASE 0);

--创建回滚段
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS0 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS1 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS2 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS3 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS4 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS5 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS6 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS7 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS8 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS9 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS10 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS11 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS12 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS13 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS14 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS15 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS16 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS17 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS18 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS19 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS20 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS21 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS22 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS23 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS24 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );

--使回滚段在线
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS0" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS1" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS2" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS3" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS4" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS5" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS6" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS7" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS8" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS9" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS10" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS11" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS12" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS13" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS14" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS15" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS16" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS17" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS18" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS19" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS20" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS21" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS22" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS23" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS24" ONLINE;

--修改sys用户的临时表空间为TEMP
alter user sys temporary tablespace TEMP;

--创建数据字典表
@D:OracleOra81Rdbmsadmincatalog.sql;
@D:OracleOra81Rdbmsadmincatexp7.sql
@D:OracleOra81Rdbmsadmincatproc.sql
@D:OracleOra81Rdbmsadmincaths.sql

connect system/manager
@D:OracleOra81sqlplusadminpupbld.sql

connect internal/oracle
@D:OracleOra81Rdbmsadmincatrep.sql
exit

--生成SQL*Plus帮助系统
sqlplus SYSTEM/manager
@D:OracleOra81sqlplusadminhelphelpbld.sql helpus.sql
exit

--修改system用户默认表空间和临时表空间
svrmgrl
connect internal/oracle
alter user system default tablespace TOOLS;
alter user system temporary tablespace TEMP;
exit

7、将test实例启动服务设置成自动启动方式
D:OracleOra81inoradim -edit -sid test -startmode auto