在Linux下编译安装MySQL并通过C语言操作MySQL数据库
晚点
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晚点 发表于 2006-11-12 00:37
在Linux下编译安装MySQL并通过C语言操作MySQL数据库
作者：zieckey(zieckey@yahoo.com.cn)
All Right Reserved! 1. mysql在linux下的编译和安装 [root@localhost zieckey]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql [root@localhost zieckey]# cp mysql-4.0.12.tar.gz /home/ [root@localhost root]# cd /home/ 解压 [root@localhost home]# tar zxvf mysql-4.0.12.tar.gz [root@localhost home]# cd mysql-4.0.12 配置，生成Makefile [root@localhost mysql-4.0.12]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --without-debug --with-extra-charsets=gb2312 --enable-assembler --without-isam --without-innodb --with-pthread --enable-thread-safe-client 编译 [root@localhost mysql-4.0.12]# make 安装 [root@localhost mysql-4.0.12]# make install [root@localhost mysql-4.0.12]# scripts/mysql_install_db 创建一个数据库管理员 [root@localhost mysql-4.0.12]# groupadd mysql [root@localhost mysql-4.0.12]# useradd -g mysql mysql 改变权限。 [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root /usr/local/mysql [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var [root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql 配置环境变量，以便于编程 [root@localhost mysql-4.0.12]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/ [root@localhost bin]# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/ [root@localhost bin]# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/ [root@localhost bin]# env 启动mysql服务器 [root@localhost root]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/ [root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld_safe -u mysql& Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/var 查看是否启动了 [root@localhost root]# pgrep mysql 15931 15950 15951 启动一个mysql客户端 [root@localhost root]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 to server version: 4.0.12 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql> 创建一个数据库 mysql> create database cusemysql; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) 并使用这个数据库 mysql> use cusemysql; Database changed 在给数据库内创建一个表 mysql> create table children(childno int not null unique,fname varchar(20),age int); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 在该表内插入一项数据 mysql> insert into children values(5,"花儿",10); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from children; +---------+-------+------+ | childno | fname | age | +---------+-------+------+ | 5 | 花儿 | 10 | +---------+-------+------+ 1 row in set (0.03 sec) mysql> 2. 下面进行具体的操作 插入：insert 好的，我们现编辑一段c代码，取名为insert.c /////////////////////////////////// /* insert.c */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "mysql.h" /*注意哦，上面也可以是mysql.h的绝对地址，一般在mysql下的include目录下，仔细看看你的在哪里？*/ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { MYSQL my_connection; int res; mysql_init(&my_connection); /*mysql_real_connect(&mysql,host,user,passwd,dbname,0,NULL,0) == NULL)*/ if (mysql_real_connect(&my_connection, "localhost", "root", "","cusemysql",0,NULL,CLIENT_FOUND_ROWS)) { printf("Connection success\n"); res = mysql_query(&my_connection, "insert into children values(11,'Anny',5)"); if (!res) { printf("Inserted %lu rows\n",(unsigned long)mysql_affected_rows(&my_connection)); /*里头的函数返回受表中影响的行数*/ } else { //分别打印出错误代码及详细信息 fprintf(stderr, "Insert error %d: %s\n",mysql_errno(&my_connection),mysql_error(&my_connection)); } mysql_close(&my_connection); } else { fprintf(stderr, "Connection failed\n"); if (mysql_errno(&my_connection)) { fprintf(stderr, "Connection error %d: %s\n",mysql_errno(&my_connection),mysql_error(&my_connection)); } } return EXIT_SUCCESS; } ///////////////////////////////////////////// 代码写完了，要编译哦 [root@zieckey mysql]# gcc -o insert insert.c /tmp/ccyHfsX2.o(.text+0x1e): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_init' /tmp/ccyHfsX2.o(.text+0x47): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_real_connect' /tmp/ccyHfsX2.o(.text+0x76): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_query' /tmp/ccyHfsX2.o(.text+0x9a): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_affected_rows' /tmp/ccyHfsX2.o(.text+0xbc): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_error' /tmp/ccyHfsX2.o(.text+0xcf): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_errno' /tmp/ccyHfsX2.o(.text+0xf5): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_close' /tmp/ccyHfsX2.o(.text+0x11f): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_errno' /tmp/ccyHfsX2.o(.text+0x135): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_error' /tmp/ccyHfsX2.o(.text+0x148): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_errno' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status [root@zieckey mysql]# 头文件和库文件位置没有指定 [root@zieckey mysql]# gcc -o insert insert.c -I/usr/include/mysql/ -L/usr/lib/mysql/ /tmp/cc4gdmlp.o(.text+0x1e): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_init' /tmp/cc4gdmlp.o(.text+0x47): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_real_connect' /tmp/cc4gdmlp.o(.text+0x76): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_query' /tmp/cc4gdmlp.o(.text+0x9a): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_affected_rows' /tmp/cc4gdmlp.o(.text+0xbc): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_error' /tmp/cc4gdmlp.o(.text+0xcf): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_errno' /tmp/cc4gdmlp.o(.text+0xf5): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_close' /tmp/cc4gdmlp.o(.text+0x11f): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_errno' /tmp/cc4gdmlp.o(.text+0x135): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_error' /tmp/cc4gdmlp.o(.text+0x148): In function `main': : undefined reference to `mysql_errno' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status [root@zieckey mysql]# gcc还是找不到头文件，下面我们可以这样,指定gcc专门找 mysqlclient 之类的库 [root@localhost testmysql]# gcc -o insert insert.c -lmysqlclient -I/usr/local/mysql/include/mysql/ -L/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql 我用用 -lmysqlclient 选项就可以了(前面我们生成的库文件是 libmysqlclient.so.12.0.0 等, 去掉前面的lib和后面的版本标志,就剩下 mysqlclient 了所以是 -lmysqlclient )。 ok,现在我们执行看看 [root@zieckey mysql]# ./insert Connection Success Inserted 1 rows year,果然可以，呵呵 不信到mysql下看看表children中是否多了刚才插入的那一行数据 mysql> select * from children; +---------+-------+------+ | childno | fname | age | +---------+-------+------+ | 5 | 花儿 | 10 | | 11 | Anny | 5 | +---------+-------+------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 总结：这里我们了解了MySQL数据库在Linux下的安装，以及一些基本的操作，并且我们可以通过C语言来操作MySQL数据库。 |