Centos 4.4下10G Dataguard配置(上)
ivepace
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ivepace 发表于 2007-08-04 00:02
Centos 4.4下10G Dataguard配置(上)
环境：
os: centos4.4 oracle: oracle10gR1(安装软件为10201_database_linux32.zip,暂未升级到R2，不影响下面的配置) primary: 192.168.0.5 (主机名RAC1) standby: 192.168.0.7(主机名RAC3) 1) 配好双机的(含rac1,rac3)的profile . # .sh_profile # Get the aliases and functions #if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then # . ~/.bashrc #fi # User specific environment and startup programs #export BASH_ENV=$HOME/.bashrc export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin:$PATH:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin PATH=$PATH:/sbin:/home/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin:$oracle_home/jre/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:/usr/local/bin: export PATH unset USERNAME ORACLE_OWNER=oracle export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID=rac TNS_ADMIN=/home/Oracle/config/10.2.0; export TNS_ADMIN NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG #ORA_NLS33=$Oracle_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data; export ORA_NLS33 CLASSPATH=$Oracle_HOME/JRE:$Oracle_HOME/jlib:$Oracle_HOME/rdbms/jlib:/opt/j2sdk_nb/j2sdk1.4.2/bin export CLASSPATH TMPDIR=/tmp;export TMPDIR umask 022 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib #export LD_PRELOAD=/home/oracle/libcwait.so; LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.6.9; export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL #NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_china".ZHS16GBK;export NLS_LANG LC_CTYPE=zh_CN.GB2312 NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS" LANG= LC_ALL= DISPLAY=192.168.0.3:0.0;export DISPLAY; export PS1="\u@\H $" if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/sh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi 2) 检查所需软件 在每个节点上执行相同的操作： 执行下面的命令： rpm -q binutils compat-db control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc gnome-libs libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make openmotif21 缺少的包请安装。 3) 配置内核参数 在每个节点上执行相同的操作： 编辑/etc/sysctl.conf 文件，添加下面的内容： #For Oracle kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default = 1048576 net.core.rmem_max = 1048576 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 262144 然后执行： sysctl –p 或重起系统 4) 设置 Shell 对 Oracle 用户的限制 在每个节点上执行相同的操作： 编辑 /etc/security/limits.conf，添加如下内容： oracle soft nofile 65536 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 16384 oracle hard nproc 16384 编辑/etc/pam.d/login，添加如下内容： session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so 5）在主库（rac1）上安装10gr1 软件，不装数据库 将product, oraInventory目录打包传到辅的(rac3)的oracle_home目录下（即/home/oracle）并在rac3上解开。 6）在主库（rac1）上通过dbca创建数据库，选用默认配置。 Sid和profile里指定的一样，为rac 7) 关闭主库，将/home/oracle/oradata/rac/下的文件copy到 rac3上的相同位置。 SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes Fixed Size 1218292 bytes Variable Size 67111180 bytes Database Buffers 92274688 bytes Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> archive log list Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination /home/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch Oldest online log sequence 0 Next log sequence to archive 1 Current log sequence SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/oradata/rac/archive'; System altered. SQL> alter system set log_archive_format='log_%t_%s_%r.arc' scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. ----------------------------- Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination /home/oracle/oradata/rac/archive Oldest online log sequence 0 Next log sequence to archive 1 Current log sequence 1 创建standby控制文件 SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/standby.ctl' ; Database altered. 将standby.ctl传到 rac3 的 /home/oracle/oradata/rac/ 下 配置主库的listener.ora tnsnames.ora oracle@rac1 $cat listener.ora LISTENER_RAC1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.5)(PORT = 1521)) ) SID_LIST_LISTENER_RAC1 = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = rac) (ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = rac) ) ) rac1,rac3的tnsnames.ora皆为 RAC3 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.7)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = rac) ) ) RAC1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.5)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = rac) ) ) 辅库的listener.ora oracle@rac3 $vi listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /home/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = rac) (ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = rac) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac3)(PORT = 1521)) ) 如果觉得手工编辑上述文件容易出错，建议用netca创建。 启动主库的istener oracle@rac1 $lsnrctl start ----------------------------------- (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac1)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully 启动辅库的istener oracle@rac3 $lsnrctl start ---------------------------------- Instance "rac", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully 用tnsping检查tns配置 oracle@rac3 $tnsping rac1 oracle@rac3 $tnsping rac3 oracle@rac1 $tnsping rac1 oracle@rac1 $tnsping rac3 在主库rac1上创建pfile并将其传到辅库rac3上相应位置$oracle_home/dbs 。 oracle@rac1 $sqlplus '/as sysdba' SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/initrac.ora' from spfile; File created. 将rac1上的/home/oracle/initrac.ora ftp 传到辅库rac3上相应位置$oracle_home/dbs 在rac3上修改刚传来的initrac.ora文件 oracle@rac3 $more initrac.ora rac.__db_cache_size=92274688 rac.__java_pool_size=4194304 rac.__large_pool_size=4194304 rac.__shared_pool_size=58720256 rac.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/home/oracle/admin/rac/adump' *.background_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/rac/bdump' *.compatible='10.2.0.1.0' *.control_files='/home/oracle/oradata/rac/standby.ctl' *.core_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/rac/cdump' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16 *.db_name='rac' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=racXDB)' *.job_queue_processes=10 *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/oradata/rac/archive' *.log_archive_format='log_%t_%s_%r.arc' *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=16777216 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.sga_target=167772160 *.undo_management='AUTO' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.user_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/rac/udump' *.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='/home/oracle/oradata/rac/standbyarchive' *.fal_server='rac1' *.fal_client='rac3' *.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO' *.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/home/oracle/oradata/rac/','/home/oracle/oradata/rac/' *.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/home/oracle/oradata/rac/archivelog','/home/oracle/oradata/rac/archivelog' 其中/home/oracle/oradata/rac/standbyarchive需要新建 将主库上的口令文件orapwrac传到辅库rac3上的对应位置。 将辅库rac3启动 oracle@rac3 $sqlplus '/as sysdba' SQL> startup nomount; ORACLE instance started. SQL> alter database mount standby database; Database altered. SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; Database altered. 在主库上设置到辅库rac3上的归档路径 oracle@rac1 $sqlplus '/as sysdba' SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=rac3 mandatory reopen=60'; System altered. 定义了主库向副库传输日志 # 定义归档到备用库，强制归档，重试时间60秒。 # 如果定义为可选状态(optional)，那么在归档失败后不会再次尝试归档的。定义 # 为madatory状态后，如果本次归档失败，则在归档下一个日志时会再次尝试 SQL> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARCHIV STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME 1 1 0 52428800 1 YES UNUSED 2 1 0 52428800 1 YES UNUSED 0 3 1 1 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 446075 2007-06-28 13:41:10 SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARCHIV STATUS IRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME -------------------------------- ------------- ------------------- 1 1 2 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 457776 2007-06-29 23:47:06 2 1 0 52428800 1 YES UNUSED 0 3 1 1 52428800 1 NO ACTIVE 446075 2007-06-28 13:41:10 察看辅库上alert日志 oracle@rac3 $tail -f alert_rac.log Mon Jul 9 18:50:51 2007 Completed: alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session Mon Jul 9 18:50:51 2007 Clearing online redo logfile 3 complete Media Recovery Log /home/oracle/oradata/rac/standbyarchive/log_1_1_626449270.arc Media Recovery Log /home/oracle/oradata/rac/standbyarchive/log_1_2_626449270.arc Media Recovery Log /home/oracle/oradata/rac/standbyarchive/log_1_3_626449270.arc Media Recovery Log /home/oracle/oradata/rac/standbyarchive/log_1_4_626449270.arc Media Recovery Log /home/oracle/oradata/rac/standbyarchive/log_1_5_626449270.arc Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 6 Mon Jul 9 18:54:03 2007 Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC -- Connected User is Valid RFS[1]: Assigned to RFS process 3025 RFS[1]: Identified database type as 'physical standby' Mon Jul 9 18:54:03 2007 RFS LogMiner: Client disabled from further notification |